Solaris 10 introduced the new file event monitoring framework (fem) which is currently only used by NFSv4.
It would be helpful to add a userland interface to this feature. This would enable applications to monitor certain vnode operations on selected files. An example would be svc.startd (from smf) who could monitor file:// dependcies or an auditing application monitoring only a few specific files to log access to those files.
See comments for details.
Work Around
Currently userland applications can't get notifications of file events but they have to check/monitor the file for any possible modifications by issuing stat() calls in a loop. This is a waste of CPU ressources. Monitoring other read accesses to files (without file locking) isn't possible at all (for a single application) and currently only can be implemented via auditing (BSM). Auditing however can't be activated on specific files.